USDA Hardiness Zones categorize regions by average winter temperatures, guiding growers to choose plants suited for their climate. Learn More
Vertical shoot positioned (VSP) training is used primarily for upright-growing cultivators, especially those that benefit from improved exposure to sunlight that minimizes summer fruit rots and/or increases potential wine quality. As compared with Top Wire Cordon (TWC) training, VSP is much more labor-intensive due to the need for summer shoot positioning, leaf removal, and summer (top) hedging. VSP training employ a fruiting wire at 30-36", and usually three sets of catch wires at 10-12" intervals above the fruiting wire. Learn More
To learn more about the types of diseases susceptibile on our plants, click here.
Black Rot
Highly susceptibleDowny Mildew
Highly susceptiblePowdery Mildew
Highly susceptibleBotryitis
Highly susceptibleSusceptibility Meanings
Highly susceptible: Prone to disease and requires intensive management.
Moderate susceptible: May develop disease but manageable with regular care.
Slightly susceptible: Naturally resistant with minimal risk, needing basic care.
Grape Color
BlackPrimary Use
WineWine Color
RedVariety Origin
ItalyHarvest Season
UnknownSulfur Sensitivity
Not susceptibleVine Vigor
VigorousGrowth Habit
UnknownSuggested Distance Between Vines
6 ft - 7 ft - 8 ftBud Break
Mid-Season with ConcordRoyalty
No
