Vanessa produces medium-sized clusters of bright deep red berries with moderate bloom, firm flesh, and crisp texture. Flavor is mildly aromatic but not of Labrusca type and is considered among the best of red seedless grapes.
Vignoles produces small, compact clusters highly susceptible to Botrytis bunch rot. Fruit can develop high sugar content while maintaining acidity, so Vignoles can be used to make late harvest desert wines in addition to dry to semi-dry table wines.
New York Muscat produces reddish-black fruit with fine muscat flavor. Used for sweet muscat wines and as a dosage in champagne, its largest drawback is lack of winter hardiness.
Merlot is Bourdeaux's most planted grape variety, known for its smooth texture and outstanding varietal wines, but often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. Earlier ripening than Cabernet Sauvignon, but not as winter hardy.
Zinfandel is known as an exotic black variety predominantly grown in California and recently found to be identical to the Italian variety Primitivo. Typically made into varietal wines that can age well.
Viognier is a Rhone variety that produces small clusters of yellow and amber fruit. Viognier can make excellent wines with distinctive aromatic characteristics, but vines tend to have low vigor and produce relatively small crops.
A sister seedling of La Crosse, St. Pepin typically produces fruit with low acidity and is used for German style white wines and for ice wine. Not self-pollinated so must be planted near another variety that blooms at the same time.
Pinot Noir is the classic red Burgundy cultivar, it ripens best under cool, dry conditions and is best suited for cool but moderate climates. Wines are lower in tannins and pigments than the other great French wine varieties, and are used for red and rosé wines, and are one component of tradition...
Portugal's version of Albariño which is widely grown in Galacia (northwest Spain). Alvarinho produces distinctive, aromatic, high quality wines. Grown in a humid, maritime climate, it has thick skin making it resistant to bunch rots.
A full sibling of Himrod, Lakemont has milder flavor and more compact clusters with fairly small berries. Not as winter hardy as Himrod.
Gruner Veltliner is Austria's most widely planted grape and a staple in Eastern Europe, prized for producing dry, spicy, and peppery white wines. This late-ripening variety is well-suited for warmer regions, though it’s sensitive to Black Rot, Downy Mildew, and Powdery Mildew, with moderate susce...
The standard of white wine grapes, Chardonnay can be used to make a wide range of wine styles from "fruit forward" wines fermented in stainless, to buttery wines fermented or finished with oak. Chardonnay is the primary variety in Burgundy and California and is one of the components of traditiona...
This variety is suited for making dry white wines. The grape bunches are loose which can contribute to reduced disease. Clarion ripens earlier than many riparia based wine varieties. Tasting notes include pear, citrus, melon, apricot and chamomile.
Vidal Blanc is a productive white wine grape with medium-sized berries borne on very large, compact tapering clusters. Vidal can produce a semi-dry varietal wine and is often blended with other white hybrids. Fruit has thick skin and is highly resistant to fruit rots so can be used to make late h...
Petit Manseng is a premium white wine grape known for its small, thick-skinned, golden-yellow berries and naturally high sugar content. Perfect for crafting late-harvest, dessert, or sweet wines, it delivers intensely aromatic flavors of tropical fruit, honey, and citrus. This versatile variety t...
Developed as a table grape, Edelweiss has medium-sized berries on large loose clusters. Wine is usually finished sweet and has pineapple overtones; fruit should be harvested at 14°- 16° brix to avoid strong Labrusca flavors.
Chardonel is a productive, late-ripening white wine grape with improved winter hardiness over its Chardonnay parent. Can produce an excellent white wine when fruit is mature. Like Chardonnay, wines can be fermented and aged in stainless steel to produce fruit forward wines, or they can be barrel ...
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Standard rootstock in Eastern US. Vigorous mostly sterile female variety with attractive leaves and shoots. Used for decorative arbors where fruit is not wanted, does well on clay soils.
Sabrevois is a sister variety of St. Croix with better winter hardiness. Sugar content is typically low and wines can have pleasant fruitiness lacking in body and tannins, so there is potential for blending with other complimentary red hybrids.
Sangiovese is the most planted grape variety in Italy, the principal variety for fine red wine in Tuscany, and the base wine for the production of Chianti. It is a late-ripening red that produces wines with pronounced tannins and acidity.
